Garretts commentary is a great addition to the available material on exodus. In first book of the pentateuch, the book of genesis, the israelites had come to live in egypt in the land of goshen during a famine due to the fact that an israelite, joseph, had become a high official in the. These are the names though this book is a continuation or the book of genesis, with which probably it was in former times conjoined, moses thought it necessary to introduce it with an account of the names and number of the family of jacob when they came to egypt, to show that though they were then very few, yet in a short time, under the especial blessing of god, they had multiplied. This is in perfect harmony with the subject of the book, for redemption is an individual matter. Matthew henry 18 october 1662 22 june 1714 was an english commentator on the bible, who published his works in 1706, sixvolume exposition of the old and new testaments 1708 1710 or complete commentary, provides an exhaustive verse by verse study of the bible, covering the whole of the old testament, and the gospels and acts in the new. The egyptians urged the people to hurry and leave the country. Experts are currently analyzing ruins near the river jordan as potential proof that the story of the exodus, is more than a legend and indeed a historical fact. In hebrew the name of the book is taken from the first two words in the. This commentary proves, however, that a critical approach to the book of exodus simply cannot ignore the features of the text which motivated the sourcecritics in the first place.
The book of exodusthe book of exodus agape bible study. Historical criticism of exodus the international standard bible encyclopedia, revised. A critical, theological commentary old testament library. Exodus introduction commentary commentary critical and.
Exodus commentary james burton coffman commentaries on. His translation is wellreasoned, commentary is thorough, and theological reflections are solid. Garrett explains further at the beginning of the book. Exodus in the bible and the egyptian plagues biblical. Diodorus siculus, who has given the best traditions he could find relative to them, says that there was no agreement either among the inhabitants or the historians. Archaeologists may have found historical evidence for the biblical account of the exodus near the river jordan.
Positives factors that support the historicity of the biblical exodus story. In defense of a 15 th century bce exodus attempting to determine the date of the exodus is an important endeavor. You may want to include information about your church and then use the book. The following is adapted from the authors new book, ani maamin.
Times of israel blog cause for celebration and reflection. Davies brings together all the relevant aids to exegesislinguistic, textual, philological, archaeological, historical, literary, and theologicalto help the reader. In fact, two of the best commentaries on this pivotal old testament book are very recent publications. Israel, edom and moab are all mentioned in egyptian sources shortly before 1200. You can find the best commentary on exodus for you using the tools on the right side. Birth of moses, israelites labor, moses slays egyptian and flees, israelites groaning 3. Many fine commentaries on exodus are readily available, but i have intentionally written this work to fill certain gaps within the literature. In the free ebook ancient israel in egypt and the exodus, top scholars discuss the historical israelites in egypt and archaeological evidence for and against the historicity of the exodus. Then he moses took the book of the covenant and read it in the hearing of the people, and they said, all that the lord has spoken we will do, and we will be obedient ex. Onomastics of the exodus generation in the book of exodus. The ionian enlightenment influenced early patrons like justin martyr and tertullian both saw the biblical texts as being different to and having more historicity than the myths of other religions.
Study the bible online using commentary on exodus and more. Best commentaries and books on exodus logos bible software. Davies provides his longawaited commentary on the first ten chapters of the second book of the torah in this indepth engagement with exodus chapters 110. Garretts book will help readers of exodus gain a better appreciation for this often ignored book. In a 1996 guide to the best commentaries, derek thomas wrote. It takes the story of the israelites from their presence in and oppression by egypt up to the reception of the divine law that occupies the entire book of leviticus and much of numbers. A consultation on the historicity and authenticity of the exodus and. None of all the ordinances of the jewish church were more eminent than that of the passover. In the following pages i am using as my check point the excellent commentary on exodus by brevard childs, the book of exodus.
Indeed, significantly, the first biblical mention of the exodus, the song of miriam, which is the oldest text in the bible, never mentions how many people were involved in the exodus, and it never speaks of the whole nation of israel. At the end of genesis, the entire family of jacobisrael is in egypt, which prepares for the events in the book of exodus. The book of exodus probably is one of the most interesting books in the bible. Use this book to reflect upon how god has raised you from death to life. Exodus 20 and the ten commandments contrary to sectarian belief, the much theorized author of exodus is not believed to have been moses. Our passage from exodus 3 tells of moses momentous introduction to god. Organized for easy reference, word biblical commentaries make an ideal bible study companion whether you are studying a single passage or a complete biblical book. The koren tanakh of the land of israel exodus koren. Agape bible study the pentateuch part 2 the book of exodus. To this end, i have been selective and have not dealt with every possible issue.
The exodus was the seminal event in jewish history. The book of exodus records the history of israels enslavement to pharaoh and their. If all of your class has email, send them an email with the dates the lessons will be studied. A critical, theological commentary old testament library childs, brevard s. The book of exodus reveals god through his acts as a covenantmaker and keeper, as the sovereign over individuals, nations, and nature, as executing judgment upon the wicked, as a kinsmanredeemer, as a warrior, and as personal, coming to dwell in the midst of his people. Exodus is a pivotal book, a key volume not only in the pentateuch but in the whole of the hebrew bible. Summary of the book of exodus bible history online. Thankfully, the situation has changed in the last twelve years, and there are a number of good commentaries on exodus from which to choose. The second book of moses called exodus geneva bible 1599. Its landmarks are the passover and the passage through the red sea see explanation in 1 corinthians 5.
Read exodus introduction commentary using commentary critical and explanatory on the whole bible. Theology and history of composition eerdmans dictionary of the bible. There is no archaeological evidence against the historicity of an exodus if it. The title in the hebrew tradition is comprised of the first several words of the book, and these are the names. Hos 10 sees the traits of jacob in the behavior of the israel of his own day. A thorough history of interpretation does serve to raise most of the central interpretive issues in each text. If its date is shrouded in mystery then the events veracity begins to be questioned. Exodus relates the story of freedom for gods people from slavery and the beginning of national identity. He talked about how the ten plagues may have been designed to prove the powelessness of the egyptian pantheon though he ended up saying that this was not the point, p.
Exodus ot esources collection compiled and prepared by dr. If you are tired of reading commentaries on exodus that seem to do nothing but talk about the documentary hypothesis aka the jedp theory, and if you have sometimes found yourself yelling at the pages i dont care if was the j, e, d, or p source, just tell me what the text means, then the new commentary on exodus by duane garrett is for you. This chapter gives an account of one of the most memorable ordinances, and one of the most memorable providences of all that art recorded in the old testament. A six lesson audio bible study coursemany people have called the gospel of john, the mystical gospel. Israels exodus between text and memory, history and imagination manfred bietak, director emeritus of the institute of egyptology at the university of vienna, delivered the lecture on the historicity of the exodus. For example, there is the famous song of victory recorded in the fifteenth chapter. Bible is a collection of books that is full of mysteries. Westminster theological seminary niv application commentary. Study book on exodus, questions on exodus welcome to. Feb 10, 2015 garretts commentary is a great addition to the available material on exodus.
The exodus is one of the foundational stories of the jewish, christian and islamic religions. The church traditionally depicted john as an eagle soaring above the other evangelists depicted as a man, an ox, and a lion. Believing in the bible as history is perhaps not wise as it is difficult to confirm any. First, i have sought to give readers a short, basic introduction to egyptian history, culture, language, and geography. Take your flocks and herds, as you have said, and go. The book of exodus tells the tale of israels liberation and birth, and of the. The early discussions about the exclusion or integration of various apocrypha involve an early idea about the historicity of the core.
You will see why he calls it the true heart of the old testament. A spiritual journey overview of chapter contents 1. Cassuto had originally planned to write, in hebrew, a monumental commentary on the bible that would comprise a series of detailed expositions of the book of genesis, and less elaborate commentaries, consisting of one volume for each book, devoted to the remaining four books of the pentateuch. Exodus comes from a greek word meaning exit or departure. Exoduses happened in the second millennium bc, and the israelite one is widely attested and strongly emphasised in the hebrew bible. Book of exodus overview insight for living ministries. There is a famine of really good commentaries on exodus. Dec 01, 2012 exodus is the true heart of the old testament. A word list at the end explains words with a star by them. The book of exodus is the second of five parts which comprise what scripture calls the. If some understanding is to be gained from the book of exodus and its doctrine of god. The symbolic meaning of egyptian in the bible is synonymous with this. This commentary is an attempt to explain the book of exodus in light of the coming of christ. Here is one of the first mentions of god having a book.
Historical evidence for the exodus may have been found. The five books of moses were not written by moses but by authors of four. The book of exodus consists mainly of two genres, narrative history and laws. It was written to record the events of israels deliverance from slavery in egypt. Commentary on the book of exodus by matthew henry old. It is a vital connecting link between the age of the patriarchs abraham, isaac, jacob.
You will also find options for commentaries on exodus that help pastors, teachers, and readers with application of the bible, commentaries that approach the scripture versebyverse, classic christian commentaries, and much more. Although exodus takes the form of a popular narrative, easy for a primitive people to understand, it also contains important religious teachings. The second book of moses, also known as the second book of the pentateuch is called exodus because of all the events that take place in the first half of the book. The children of israel increase in egypt after the death of joseph. The word, exodus is derived from a greek word meaning going out. Exodus commentary, one of over 110 bible commentaries freely available, this commentary, by the leading authority in the church of christ, presents a verse level look at the bible. Study exodus using wesleys explanatory notes to better understand scripture with full outline and verse meaning. Book of exodus, session 1 introduction the book of exodus is the second book of the torah or pentateuch, the first five books of the old testament. Moreover, many scholars have been influenced by noths theory that the book of deuteronomy is no appendage to the tetrateuch genesisnumbers, but is instead the initial component of a large, complex literary work known as the deuteronomistic history, which incorporates the old testament books of joshua, judges, 12 samuel, and 12 kings. A reflection on the book of exodus mcguiggan, jim on.
Read exodus commentary using matthew henry commentary on the whole bible complete. The book of exodus is the second book of the torah or pentateuch, the first. The story of the exodus is told in the books of exodus, leviticus, numbers, and deuteronomy, the last four of the first five books of the bible also called the torah or pentateuch. This article is written like a personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay that. The historical and prophetic books constantly refer to the covenant with the ancestors abraham, isaac, and jacob.
Exodus it the true beginning of the story of israel. Whilst the historicity of the story is debated by scholars and bible. A consultation on the historicity and authenticity of the. A substantial exegesis of that passage is worth many pages. Given that the challenges to the accuracy of scripture these days are, as often as not, coming to the exodus and conquest stories and not just the genesis stories, i thought it would be worth summarising his conclusion here. For the psalmists, authors of liturgical texts, there were only seven plagues, a number clearly evoking the seven days of creation. And douglas stuart is a first rate evangelical old testament scholar who has already penned commentaries on ezekiel and some of the minor prophets. The exodus in history and the exodus as history word biblical commentary, volume 3. Thanks in no small part to the internet and the ubiquity of social media, popular exposure to. This most explicit reflection of the egyptian experience in israels culture. There are many interesting stories in it that helps us reflect about life and makes us wonder what is the message or the meaning behind the text. The book of exodus is the second book of the bible and describes the exodus, which includes the israelites deliverance from slavery in egypt through the hand of yahweh, the revelations at biblical mount sinai, and the subsequent divine indwelling of god with israel. A critical, theological commentary, the old testament library philadelphia.
After the exodus out of egypt the people of israel received the law of jehovah and erected. The new interpreters bible, a commentary in twelve volumes, volume i. Resources for the study of exodus pepperdine digital commons. As for the commentary on the book of exodus itself, it was topnotch. Book of exodus, session 1 introduction yale divinity school. What egyptology can contribute today in assessing the sojourn in egypt at the recent out of egypt. Matthew henry 18 october 1662 22 june 1714 was an english commentator on the bible. This commentary has been through advanced checking. Biblical criticism, historical truth and the thirteen principles of faith maggid, 2020. Exodus chapters 118 free bible commentary in easy english. The lords revelation to moses, the giving of the lords name, mosess commission 4. Why the book of exodus matters for your life core christianity. Van gorder exodus the overriding theme of the book of exodus is redemption. The second book of moses called exodus the argument after that jacob by gods commandment genesis 46.
The first impression one may receive in passing from a re view of egyptian religion to the doctrine of god in the book of exodus is the glut of materials. Book of exodus exodus devotional reflections from. Moses was willing if necessary, to give his life for these sinful people to save them. The book is strategically important to both old testament history and a proper understanding of hebrew customs and institutions. Study the bible online using commentary on exodus introduction and more. Jacobson, augsburg fortress, minneapolis, 1996 isbn 0806629789 out of print l. The the clear focus is the departure of the children of israel from egypt. See also ot reflections of christ exodus paul van goder. Fretheim, westminister john knox press, 1991 l from slavery to service. Instead, the consensus is that the text is a mixed bag of penned interpretations.
Does god call us to do things for which we have not been equipped. Most of the questions i had about exodus were given adequate space for discussion. The hebrew title of this book is translated, these are the names. The key personalities include moses, miriam, pharaoh, pharaohs daughter, aaron, and joshua. Jun 19, 2008 in a 1996 guide to the best commentaries, derek thomas wrote. Best exodus commentaries updated for 2020 best bible. Is the biblical exodus nothing but a fairytale, as so many of the worlds egyptologists and secular scholars have claimed.
In doing so, i have tried to listen as carefully as i can first to what the story would have communicated to ancient israelite readers of the book. The title is a latin term derived from the greek word exodos, a going out. Introduction, commentary, and reflections walter brueggemann. Exodus introduction united states conference of catholic bishops. If the history of the pyramids be not found in the book of exodus, it is nowhere else extant. Continuing the history of israel from the point where the book of genesis leaves off, exodus recounts the egyptian oppression of jacobs everincreasing. Recently i came across a superb essay by kenneth kitchen, the worldrenowned egyptologist, on the historical reliability of the exodus story.
Matthew henry 18 october 1662 22 june 1714 was an english commentator on the bible, who published his works in 1706, sixvolume exposition of the old and new testaments 17081710 or complete commentary, provides an exhaustive verse by verse study of the bible, covering the whole of the old testament, and the gospels and acts in the new testament. Exodus with book summary versebyverse bible commentary. He evaluates modern critical perspectives on exodus, and evaluates the legacy of nineteenthcentury higher critical interpretation for the book s historicity. Introduction, brief history of israel in egypt, pharaohs decree to kill israelite boys 2. Even if we do not become a christian until we are adults, god has been equipping us and preparing us for the work he has for us to do. The title exodus comes from the septuagint, which derived it from the primary event found in the book, the deliverance from slavery and exodus or departure of the. One could respond by reflecting on whether the way in which a text is referenced also. The lessons are organized into subjects of one week study per lesson this course is a study of the book of exodus all references for the course are found in the course bibliography the book of exodus is the second of five parts which comprise what scripture calls the book. An easyenglish bible version and commentary 2800 word vocabulary on exodus chapters 1 to 18. Exodus commentary matthew henry commentary on the whole. There is no archaeological evidence against the historicity of an exodus if it was a smaller group who left egypt.
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